From ek and ballo; to eject. weeping moaning, and gnashing of teeth revelations. I told Your disciples to cast it out, and they could not do it., New American Standard Bible Copyright 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. See Matthew 8:12, 13:42, 13:50, 22:13, 24:51, 25:30, Luke 13:28. After all, weeping and gnashing of teeth, under any view would occur well before the wicked are in the raging fire. But because eternal duration is not said to be the case, these passages cannot prove the doctrine of eternal torment. Its pulsing, dactylic meter drives it forwards. Open the Facebook app on your device and tap the menu button. (The King James is not as consistent as some like to make out). One can be sincere without weeping and crying, moaning and groaning. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. There they will cry and make a noise with their teeth. His election has caused some weeping and gnashing of teeth among his opponents. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. More importantly, it is believed that the Bible teaches that the weeping and gnashing of teeth go on for eternity. God is my Helper; therefore, I will not be afraid. The parable has the wedding guest cast out of the wedding after being bound hand and foot. Because it describes a future time when people will not only weep but they will gnash their teeth. Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole. Alas! (Revelation 18:15-19). 8:12; 13:42, 50; 22:13; 24:51; 25:30; Luke 13:28). If he had been devoured, it was assumed that he had been guilty of the crime of which he had been accused. ; Step #2. Matthew 13:1: The same day went Jesus out of the house, and sat by the sea side. What did Jesus mean when He instructed us to turn the other cheek? jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); But as is so often the case, this belief imposes onto the biblical text more than is there. The bugle has blown fi many times, and it still have one more time left. For example, we see this in pop culture. He knows it could have been him experiencing that prosperity and success, but now its too late. From basileus; properly, royalty, i.e. It says, And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. The word unprofitable is the Greek word achreios, which literally means useless. Sometimes the KJV translates it as weeping and gnashing of teeth. (Matthew 8:12; 22:13; 24:51; 25:30; Luke 13:28), Sometimes it says wailing and gnashing of teeth. (Matthew 13:42, 50), Both are translations of the same Greek phrase. In that case, does eternal torment consist of temporary pain and then just being sent to some place after being tormented? Then the king said to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and throw him into the outer darkness; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth., and whenever it seizes him, it slams him to the ground and he foams at the mouth, and grinds his teeth and stiffens out. To throw (cast, put) out; I banish; I bring forth, produce. Revelation 22:15 For without are dogs, and sorcerers, and whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth and maketh a lie. jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });6 Andy Neselli, Hellfire and Brimstone: Interpreting the New Testaments Descriptions of Hell, 9Marks, August 20, 2010,https://www.9marks.org/article/hellfire-and-brimstone-interpreting-new-testaments-descriptions-hell/ (accessed September 3, 2018). That is the wickedest sound that play and it is the new celebrity. In The Bruised Reed, Richard Sibbes asks, "Can we think that he that threw the angels out of heaven will suffer dust and worms' meat to run a contrary course, and to continue always so?"Surely not. 23rd, 2019 Correct & Submit Cause when it comes to my sound, which is the champion sound, believe [me]! jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); Many Christian teachers claim that hell, i.e. It is thought to derive from a logion in the hypothetical Q source, which yielded Matthew 8:12 and Luke 13:28. It is likened to Revelation 16:10, when those who will not repent and thus suffer on earth gnaw their tongues in agony. These cookies do not store any personal information. jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); Even the secular website freedictionary.com notices this. The wicked will see it and be vexed,He will gnash his teeth and melt away;The desire of the wicked will perish. If your answer is yes, did you ask Jesus to forgive you for being so faithless, afraid, hesitant, or lazy? The answer to this is simple and straightforward: The references to weeping and gnashing of teeth do not prove eternal torment because none of the references indicate that the weeping and gnashing of teeth will continue for eternity. Lord, help me understand how to act on the ideas You have placed in my heart. It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth When it comes to my sound which is the champion sound Believe! It still doesnt convey the idea of a long-term bad place. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. E-Book Overview 'This is an impressively intelligent work of investigation, which makes good use of late Victorian imperial history and criminology' - Chris Baldick, TLS This book examines the rise of the femme fatale as a prominant fictional type in late 19th-century British culture. 2. Believe! What is weeping and gnashing of teeth? How does its existence affect your life? WE They will put them into the big fire. Matthew 2:18) as well as self-recrimination think of Peters weeping following his denials (Matthew 26:75). When deployed in Kanye's song, with the appended conclusion "when it comes to my sound which is the champion sound, believe" Now when they heard this, they were cut to the quick, and they began gnashing their teeth at him. Come unto Me and rest; This leads us to Jesus statement about weeping and gnashing of teeth in Matthew 25:30. Matthew 25:30. Well, just imagine what this person would feel like after being kicked out for doing a poor job. Have you ever experienced weeping and gnashing of teeth from watching someone else step into your dream or your position because you failed to do it first? Again, I dont think the point is to dig that much into details. I pray that I havent just described you! Even taken together, people who understand the proper connotation of the biblical idiom of weeping and gnashing of teeth appeal to it to describe the emotional reactions of others. weeping moaning, and gnashing of teeth revelations. Eternal duration simply is not in a single use of this phrase. After the vote went against them there was much weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth. Jeremiah 9:17-18 Thus says the Lord of hosts, 28 "There will be weeping there, and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves thrown out. "Gnashing of teeth" means grinding one's teeth together, having one's teeth set on edge, or biting down in pain, anguish, or anger. It's an image associated with being "cast into outer darkness" and rejection, and is a favourite of "hell-fire and brimstone" preachers . (Matthew 13:40). Sproul The Place of Gods Disfavor, Ligonier Ministries, April 3, 2011, https://www.ligonier.org/blog/place-gods-disfavor/. And just as they have done all their life, they remain in self-recrimination, self-pity and self-justification. Matthew 8:11 And I say unto you, That many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven. This particular one concerns a Master who goes away for an undisclosed amount of time (symbolic of Christ's disappearance into heaven until His Return). Matthew 8:12 GOD'S WORD Translation (GW) 12 The citizens of that kingdom will be thrown outside into the darkness. What about when Jesus judges the world in righteousness? Last of the three is Matthew 25:30, in which a wicked servant is simply kicked out of the masters estate and into the darkness (i.e. That is just an assumption. Matthew 13:41-42 The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all causes of sin and all law-breakers, and throw them into the fiery furnace. "gnashing of teeth" = The vicious teeth of the Devil's demons attacking the innocent soul. KJV NKJV NLT NIV ESV CSB NASB20 NASB95. 1. Judgment day will be a terrible experience for those who face God as their enemy and not as their savior. Matthew 8:11-12 " I tell you, many will come from east and west and recline at table with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven, 12 while the sons of the kingdom will be thrown into the outer darkness. What does the Bible mean when it refers to the gnashing of teeth? the place where judgment occurs prior to the fire would be part of that place where Jesus says weeping and gnashing of teeth occurs? weeping moaning, and gnashing of teeth revelations. ). John 8:44 You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father's desires. Copyright 2002-2023 Got Questions Ministries. Used by permission. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Obviously God isnt suffering eternally in hell. But Jesus also said, But from him that hath not shall be taken even that which he hath. A good way to make sure that you get no pay increase or promotion and possibly even get fired is to do a poor job. Weeping and gnashing of teeth would therefore seem to be indicative of sadness and anger. Mark 9:18 There they will weep and gnash their teeth. Matthew 13:49-50 " So it will be at the end of the age. 2 : to show one is angry, upset, etc. In Him my Star, my Sun; It wouldnt be justified anger, but neither was the anger of the Jews against Stephen or the anger of the wicked against King David. Therefore, he keeps piling more and more on this person whom he knows he can trust! 2 Thessalonians 1:5 Which is a manifest token of the righteous judgment of God, that ye may be counted worthy of the kingdom of God, for which ye also suffer: Luke 10:15 And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted to heaven, shalt be thrust down to hell. In the analogy that Jesus used to encourage us to be faithful in serving Him in His Kingdom on earth (the church), He spoke about the faithful servant and the unfaithful servant. More substantial is the reference to gnashing of teeth. Maybe he starves to death. Who could bear for the Judge of all to convict us of utter failure and lay the blame squarely upon us? An annihilationist can easily agree that at the judgment, there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Rewards are given to those who deserve them. Jesus says in that place (Greek ekei) there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. But there is no place like a flaming furnace described. The Kingdom of God. 2. You. "Gnashing of teeth" means grinding one's teeth together, having one's teeth set on edge, or biting down in pain, anguish, or anger. But thats just the failures of this life. If one is a traditionalist, they expect to see hell being eternal torment, so anything that sounds like pain (i.e. It would only show that people suffer in hell for some period of time. What did Jesus mean when He said the first will be last and the last will be first? gatesville nc obituaries back to homepage. His parables were all about the kingdom, and his miracles were a manifestation of the presence and power of the kingdom. In Christianity, the "exterior darkness" or outer darkness is a place referred to three times in the Gospel of Matthew (8:12, 22:13, and 25:30) into which a person may be "cast out", and where there is "weeping and gnashing of teeth".Generally, the outer darkness is thought to be hell; however, many Christians associate the outer darkness more generally as a place of separation from God or . God has given you gifts, callings, and dreams to fulfill. jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); But why would hell entail anger (or hatred)? Of course, you might be thinking that even if weeping and gnashing of teeth can convey negative feelings, like sadness and anger, rather than agony and pain, doesnt a person still need to be alive to do those things in hell? Matthew 13:42 Verse Concepts and will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Have opened their mouths wide against you; Surely this is the day for which we waited; Gnashing of teeth In rage against the righteous. By Rev. From brucho; a grating. Matthew 8:11-12 - "I (Jesus) say to you that many will come from the east and the west, and will take their places at the feast with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven.But the subjects of the kingdom will be thrown outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth." (There are four idioms in those two verses. Luke 13:28 - There will be weeping there, and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves thrown out. That is a somber reminder of why we need Christ, but it doesnt tell us nearly as much about hell as you may have been told it does. You cannot do it, nor can you atone for your guilt. 7 Bible results for "weeping and gnashing of teeth" from New International Version. Jesus preaches repentance upon the punishment of the Galilaeans and others. Do you harden up? I found in Him a resting-place, and will cut him in pieces and assign him a place with the hypocrites; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. In fact, his teeth were usually ground down by his own nervous gnashing and grinding of his teeth as the lions prowled and roared all around him all night long. If a person consistently fails to do his job correctly or on time, or if he consistently does his assigned task with a grumpy, complaining attitude, he shouldnt be surprised when the new and bigger assignments are delegated to someone else besides him! This is where we get the phrase "weeping and gnashing of teeth." It was derived from this experience of suffering agony and even insanity as a result of being cast into outer darkness. It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth It is -- when it comes to my sound which is the champion sound (swerve) The Word Alive Jhake Currington Jun. When defining gnash (ones) teeth, it notes that it is dominantly an idiom for anger with entries such as the following: Feelveryangryandupsetaboutsomething,especiallybecauseyoucannotgetwhatyouwant: [example] Hellbegnashinghisteethwhenhehearsthatwelostthecontract. The Bible is always painting its anti-heroes in shades of melancholy and murder. This word pictures the master saying, Throw him out; Kick the guy out of the organization; Expel him as quickly as you can; Toss him out of here. The Greek expresses such total intolerance for laziness and non-productivity that the master wants the unprofitable servant gone as quickly as possible! The thieves also, which were crucified with him, cast the same in his teeth. 4. Perhaps there may even be weeping because one is besides themselves with anger. There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out. Long - Well, it is a weeping and a moaning and a gnashing of teeth in the dancehall. We see this on multiple occasions, in Matthew 8 . LUKE 13:28 In the Bible Verse Meaning 28 There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out. That is the kind of thing that happens if you say these parables are describing specifics about hell. A tooth. If this were true, however, then it would be impossible for hell to be both a place of burning flame and darkness, for the two are . They quickly burn up and disintegrate. Then the king told the attendants, 'Tie him up hand and foot, and throw him into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.' Matthew 22:12-13, HCSB (cf 25:28-30) Just as the weeds are gathered and burned with fire, so will it be at the end of the age ain . In no passage that makes reference to weeping and gnashing of teeth does the text even suggest eternal duration on its face, let alone after deeper examination. But notice that the master in this parable said to cast this servant into outer darkness. The word cast is the word ekballo, from the words ek and ballo. Revelation 2:7). The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist. The phrase was an expression of anger of the Sanhedrin towards Stephen before the stoning. Many conditionalists believe there will be a time of conscious punishment for a while before the final death sentence is carried out. It is the portion of hypocrites. 3. There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth ( Matthew 24:51 ). He will gnash his teeth and melt away. From a compound of pro and phemi; a foreteller; by analogy, an inspired speaker; by extension, a poet. Another point to consider is that, aside from the controversy over weeping and gnashing of teeth,Jesuss explanation of the parable of the wheat and tares is strong evidence for annihilationism. "will be cast into outer darkness, where there will How do you think that makes him feel? Matthew 25:30. Gnashing of teeth: This is consistently a description of anger in Scripture. Luke 16:23 And in hell he lift up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom. Weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth isthe awful fate of those consigned to outer darkness., Weeping/Wailing: The Greek lexicons speak of bitter crying and lamentation. There is the deep sadness of mourning (e.g. But if our goal is to actually show that the Bible teaches eternal torment, one cannot simply read eternal torment into the passage and then present the passage as evidence for eternal torment. What is the meaning of Matthew 8 12? He has gnashed at me with His teeth; My adversary glares at me. In all OT cases except Psalms 112:10, the gnashing appears to be an act of persecution and not suffering. The desire of the wicked will perish. For example, R.C. I remember years ago, with the topic of hell in the back of my mind, I noticed an episode of The Simpsons where Marge, the matriarch of the family, was loudly grinding (i.e. Do you turn in on yourself? as they are tortured by the Devil in Hell. Like godless jesters at a feast,They gnashed at me with their teeth. Poor jobs should not be rewarded. The Lord Jesus promised His believers that they would never be cast out (John 6:37, same word . Later he would see others doing exactly what he had once been asked to do but what he had refused or failed to do because he was too lazy. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but yourselves being thrown out. "champion sound, believe!" =. It has thus come into familiar use to denote both that garden and the . Thats all we really know. Unless otherwise noted, all scripture is quoted from the New American Standard Bible (NASB). Even if the victim was found alive the next morning, he was usually insane or on the verge of total insanity. OUR VISION is to take the Gospel both to our nearby world and to the ends of the earth, proclaiming Christ, and warning and teaching every man with all wisdom, in order that we may present every person fully mature in Christ Jesus. Behold, I freely give The reason that references to weeping and gnashing are incorrectly believed to indicate eternal torment, which will be addressed and disproved below, are as follows: Although the question of eternality (addressed below) really is more significant, it is worthwhile to nail down what is meant by weeping and gnashing of teeth at least to the extent possible. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org. I heard the voice of Jesus say, In the NASB notes, it does indicate that the phrasing could just indicate that the servant is simply severely scourged before being kicked out. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. weeping moaning, and gnashing of teeth revelations. Believe, believe me. What about when our whole lives are brought into the light, when eternity is at stake? Sproul recognizes that the gnashing of teeth, as we see in the New Testament, is often associated with hatred10R.C. Again, this is a place of weeping and gnashing of teeth. Last edited on 11 September 2022, at 13:04, weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Weeping_and_gnashing_of_teeth&oldid=1109710717, This page was last edited on 11 September 2022, at 13:04. The master said to cast the unprofitable servant into outer darkness. Let me explain this to you, because it is very important to the truth in this parable. I think it fits better that the fire (or whatever it represents) burns everyone and everything up quickly, as fire normally does. Take a second to support Rethinking Hell on Patreon! . Friend, we need to pay careful attention to the message in this parable, because how Jesus sees things is how we must see things! But if we are going to use an unexplained parable to look at details about what hell is like (Im happy to not do so, for the record), then it must be asked, what would happen to someone who is thrown outside after being tied up? My thirst was quenched, my soul revived, I heard the voice of Jesus say, Please give me wisdom and courage to step out and begin to fulfill the dream You birthed so deeply inside my soul. When it comes to my sound, which is da' champion, BELIEVE!" According to Matthew 25:30 "weeping & moaning" = The sounds of the souls of the dead human beings, as they are tourtured by the Devil in Hell. That stands in contrast to the righteous, who will "shine like the sun in the kingdom." As in Daniel 12, at the end the faithful who side with God become like a shining heavenly bodies, whose light will never be extinguished. The concept of being hurled into "outer darkness," along with "weeping and gnashing of teeth," is a common expression used by Jesus to describe God's eternal judgment (Matthew 8:12; 13:42, 50; 24:51; 25:30). On six occurrences (8:12; 13:42; 13:50; 22:13; 24:51; 25:30), Matthew recorded Jesus pronouncing judgment, using the idiom "weeping and gnashing of teeth". (Hebrew), Isaac, the patriarch. When we seek to justify ourselves, even in this life, our failures produce petulant regret and an anger that needs to go somewhere, very often onto others. Now its up to you to step out in faith and DO something with what He has given you! It seems apparent that the more common usage of the idiom of gnashing ones teeth is anger. If you already had in mind the idea that hell is a place of everlasting conscious punishment, then it is understandable that when you hear someone say hell involves weeping and gnashing of teeth, you would imagine that phrase referring to the terrible torments in this place of everlasting conscious punishment.1 Some translations say wailing and gnashing of teeth, but the difference is immaterial. however, believe redactional theories of the parables are speculative at best, and offer little explanation as to the meaning of this phrase, and only speculate as to why Matthew and Luke included this apparently familiar saying. Crushed under the weight of our failures we weep and wail and we gnash our teeth. In the context of this parable (Matthew 22:1-12), this is the fate of a man who attempted to attend the wedding feast without a wedding . The weeping and gnashing of teeth occur at the time when they are thrown out. The residents of the city often dumped their garbage over the top of the walls in certain parts of the city, allowing the trash to fall and build up around the base of the huge stone walls. The damned cry bitter tears and grind their teeth in fury. In all three instances, the phrase "outer darkness" is further described as being a place of "weeping and gnashing of teeth.". The master in the parable vividly illustrates Jesus sentiments toward people who have great potential but who are too lazy to get up, get out of the house, and do something to develop the potential that has been entrusted to them. It is a weeping and a moaning, which is da' champion sound, BELIEVE, BELIEVE, BELIEVE!" According to Matthew 25:30 . Psalm 35:16 King David referring to his enemies: Like godless jesters at a feast. A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very. The phrase is also found as an idiomatic expression in colloquial English. It simply is not clear from this passage if the wicked are to spend an extended period of time alive in the fire, weeping and gnashing their teeth, or if Jesus is describing the place of judgment in general. He goes quickly from brooding to brutality. Sproul The Place of Gods Disfavor, Ligonier Ministries, April 3, 2011,https://www.ligonier.org/blog/place-gods-disfavor/ (accessed September 3, 2018). It is a when it comes to my sound which is the champion sound. An interesting connection is found in the phrase, gnashing of teeth, which occurs exactly seven times in the Bible. The miserable comforters gnash their teeth at righteous Job. by Horatius Bonar, 1808-1899. Well, if those who remain apart from Christ to the end are Gods enemies and rebels against him, then it is only reasonable that their anger would be directed at him. Do you fit this description yourself? weeping moaning, and gnashing of teeth revelations I am, exist. What is the first death in the Bible? A relation of rest; 'in, ' at, on, by, etc. Adverb from ek; out(-side, of doors), literally or figuratively. Those two passages essentially say the same thing as Luke 13:28 and Matthew 13:42, respectively. Seeing as how Jesus is not only describing the fiery furnace of hell but also the judgment scene entirely, it is not clear that the place where the weeping and gnashing of teeth takes place is specifically hellfire. I am not hesitant or fearful but rather bold, courageous, and ready to go! That place is the scene of judgment. Lamentations says, of the Babylonian occupiers of Jerusalem, " ," "They hiss ( can also mean to weep) and gnash their teeth". "Gnashing of teeth" means grinding one's teeth together, having one's teeth set on edge, or biting down in pain, anguish, or anger. Revelation 21:8 But the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the second death. It would be so difficult to watch someone else in his position doing what he used to do, getting the promotion he could have gotten, achieving the greatness he should have achieved. I Heard the Voice of Jesus Say Believe me. Without, outside. And shall cut him asunder, and appoint [him] his portion with the hypocrites: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Because the other three references are part of parables, as opposed to didactic teaching or explanations of parables, there is some ambiguity involved.

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